List of Contributors Preface 1. Evolution and Systematics Robert S. Wallace and Arthur C. Gibson 2. Shoot Anatomy and Morphology Teresa Terrazas Salgado and James D. Mauseth 3. Root Structure and Function Joseph G. Dubrovsky and Gretchen B. North 4. Environmental Biology Park S. Nobel and Edward G. Bobich 5. Reproductive Biology Eulogio Pimienta-Barrios and Rafael F. del Castillo 6. Population and Community Ecology Alfonso Valiente Banuet and Hector Godinez-Alvarez 7. Consumption of Platyopuntias by Wild Vertebrates Eric Mellink and Monica E. Riojas-Lopez 8. Biodiversity and Conservation Thomas H. Boyle and Edward F. Anderson 9. Mesoamerican Domestication and Diffusion Alejandro Casas and Giuseppe Barbera 10.Cactus Pear Fruit Production Paolo Inglese, Filadelfio Basile, and Mario Schirra 11. Fruits of Vine and Columnar Cacti Avinoam Nerd, Noemi Tel-Zur, and Yosef Mizrahi 12. Forage, Fodder, and Animal Nutrition Ali Nefzaoui and Hichem Ben Salem 13. Nopalitos, Mucilage, Fiber, and Cochineal Carmen Saenz-Hernandez, Joel Corrales-Garcia, and Gildardo Aquino-Perez 14. Insect Pests and Diseases Helmuth G. Zimmermann and Giovanni Granata 15. Cactus Breeding and Biotechnology Brad Chapman, Candelario Mondragon Jacobo, Ronald A. Bunch, and Andrew H. Paterson Index